“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”资助期刊特征分析

【目的】 对“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”资助期刊的特征进行分析,可以了解这些具有较高国际影响力的国内科技期刊的特点,为其他有潜力的科技期刊发展提供参考。【方法】 利用文献调研、网站调研、统计分析等方法对入选科技期刊的主办及主管单位、学科类别、国内外学术影响力等方面进行系统剖析,同时通过SCI收录情况与JCR分区指标对顶层的领军期刊和重点期刊进行重点分析。【结果】 领军期刊和重点期刊项目重点支持英文期刊;以域选刊,重点关注优先建设领域;所有期刊均被SCI收录,主要引证指标表现优秀。梯队期刊兼顾中、英文期刊;资助数量最多,覆盖学科领域较广;整体国际学术影响力不高,但其中的中文期刊具有较高的国内影响力。高起点新刊项目主要支持英文期刊,关注优先建设领域。【结论】 “中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”资助期刊在国际影响力、主要引证指标、出版体系等方面呈现出尖兵引领、梯次跟进的态势,同层次期刊可以逐步探索良性的竞争与合作模式,冲击更优、更强的国际一流期刊;未受到资助的期刊可参照相应的指标不断追跑,从而促进我国科技期刊体系的持续健康发展。     

First report of Neospora caninum infection in pigs in China

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite which can infect many mammals and birds with a worldwide distribution. However, no molecular data are available about the occurrence of N. caninum in pigs. In this study, the serological and molecular prevalence of N. caninum infection in farmed pigs were investigated in Hunan province, China, between January 2017 and December 2018. A total of 1,500 serum samples collected from 10 herds in Hunan province were evaluated using a competitive‐inhibition enzyme‐linked immunoassay assay (cELISA). The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum in the examined pigs was 1.9%. The seroprevalence of N. caninum ranged from 0.3% to 4.6% among different regions in Hunan province of China (p < .05). DNA was extracted from brain samples, and the Nc‐5 gene and ITS‐1 region were amplified and then sequenced. Three (0.5%) of the examined 600 brain tissues were found to contain N. caninum DNA. Our phylogenetic analyses indicated that N. caninum samples were classified into two distinct groups. Although the prevalence is low within the pig groups investigated, our results revealed the emergence of N. caninum infection in pigs in China. The finding of the present study provides molecular evidence that the pigs are the natural intermediate host of N. caninum and may have major epidemiological importance.     

“一带一路”医疗援外项目卫生人员不同培养方式结果分析

目的探讨援外医疗救助"爱心行"项目中,针对柬埔寨医务人员不同培养形式初步结果。方法 2017年12月-2019年3月,横断面调查方法。近5年卫生人力资源培养相关文献查询,参加"爱心行"项目中国柬埔寨政府多部门,中国援外医疗队员,柬埔寨西部大学教授,参加培养柬埔寨卫生管理及医疗卫生人员等为访谈对象。半结构式访谈收集培养时间、内容类型及过程,分析比较长短期不同培训形式优缺点及初步结果。结果 7种形式共培养柬埔寨医生167人,来自柬埔寨4个省及金边市。其中硕士1名;长期进修(3月及以上)2名,会议及培训40名,与柬大学联合短期培训24名学员,来华现场培训实习5名,中国援外医疗队现场带教33人,中国流动医疗车现场带教培训70名。培训内容包括项目管理组织,筛查技能,心脏B超检查,Intensive Care Unit(ICU),心导管,经皮介入治疗结构性心脏病及车载心电图机,X线,生化分析仪使用等。结论援外项目应长短期培养相结合,多种培养形式有利于兼顾项目实施现场需求及长期项目影响。     

Mapping mesoscale cortical connectivity in monkey sensorimotor cortex with optical imaging and microstimulation

To map in vivo cortical circuitry at the mesoscale, we applied a novel approach to map interareal functional connectivity. Electrical intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) in conjunction with optical imaging of intrinsic signals (OIS) was used map functional connections in somatosensory cortical areas in anesthetized squirrel monkeys. ICMS produced activations that were focal and that displayed responses which were stimulation intensity dependent. ICMS in supragranular layers of Brodmann Areas 3b, 1, 2, 3a, and M1 evoked interareal activation patterns that were topographically appropriate and appeared consistent with known anatomical connectivity. Specifically, ICMS revealed Area 3b connections with Area 1; Area 1 connections with Areas 2 and 3a; Area 2 connections with Areas 1, 3a, and M1; Area 3a connections with Areas M1, 1, and 2; and M1 connections with Areas 3a, 1, and 2. These somatosensory connectivity patterns were reminiscent of feedforward patterns observed anatomically, although feedback contributions are also likely present. Further consistent with anatomical connectivity, intra-areal and intra-areal patterns of activation were patchy with patch sizes of 200–300 μm. In summary, ICMS with OIS is a novel approach for mapping interareal and intra-areal connections in vivo. Comparisons with feedforward and feedback anatomical connectivity are discussed.     

Association of socioeconomic factors and prevalence of hypertension with sleep disorder among the elderly in rural southwest China

ObjectivesThis study examines the distribution of sleep disorder prevalence across socioeconomic status (SES) and investigates the relationship between sleep disorders and hypertension among southwest China's rural older adult population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural Yunnan Province, China from 2017 to 2018, consisting of 4833 consenting participants aged ≥60 years. Each participant completed a structured interview and had their blood pressure measured. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Multivariate logistic regression was used to model variations in prevalence of sleep disorders and hypertension.ResultsIn the study population, the prevalence rates of sleep disorders and hypertension were 46.5% and 50.3%, respectively. Women had higher prevalence of both chronic illnesses (53.4% vs. 38.7%, 53.1% vs. 47.6%, P < 0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, and residential status, older adults of minority ethnicity had a higher prevalence of sleep disorders than the Han ethnic majority (P < 0.01). Attainment of higher levels of education and lower annual household income were also associated with a greater risk of sleep disorders (P < 0.01). Further, logistic regression analysis indicated that older adults with sleep disorders had a greater risk of being hypertensive (P < 0.01).ConclusionsSleep disorders are highly prevalent in rural southwest China. Future interventions to improve sleep quality would benefit from tailoring to address individual SES. Improving sleep quality profoundly reduces prevalence of hypertension.